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Johann Friedrich Krummnow (or Krumnow) (1811 – 3 October 1880) was a German-born settler in Australia. He arrived in South Australia in 1839 and in 1852 he founded a community named Herrnhut located near Penshurst in western Victoria. This was Australia's first intentional community based on the principles of shared property and fervent prayer. Krummnow died at Herrnhut in October 1880. ==Arrival in Australia== Johann Friedrich Krummnow was born in 1811 in Posen, Kingdom of Prussia, (later known as Poznań, Poland) and was raised in a German community. He worked as a tailor, cobler and teacher and was an adherent of a variety of the Moravian Brethren within the Lutheran faith.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Herrnhut Ruins – Statement of Significance )〕 He arrived in Port Adelaide, on 22 January 1839 from Hamburg on the ship, ''Catharina'', with a group of dissidents, 'Kavel's People'. On board ship he taught girls but was deemed "not completely satisfactory and the community did not allow him to teach in Australia".〔 Although thwarted in his ambition to be ordained as a Lutheran pastor, Krummnow held regular prayer meetings in private homes.〔 By 1842 he was a naturalised English citizen and was legally able to purchase land. At Lobethal German settlers provided Krummnow with the funds for land purchases to establish a community: Krummnow wanted it based on his own principles of shared property and fervent prayer.〔 The Lobethal settlers rejected Krummnow's vision and legally disputed his right to the land titles.〔 After 1847 he spent three years as a missionary: living and working with Indigenous Australian communities around Mount Gambier.〔 Krummnow is described by Theodore Hebart in 1881:〔.〕 A similar description appeared in the ''Hamilton Spectator'' in November 1880: Fearing possible excommunication from the Lutheran church for his unorthodox religious views, Krummnow left South Australia.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johann Friedrich Krummnow」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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